In G. sinensis under Salt Stress as well as the Impact of Exogenou 0.05.Agriculture 2021, 11, x FOR PEER Overview Agriculture 2021, 11,11 of 21 10 ofFigure five. Effects of distinct salt concentrations and addition of exogenous calcium ions around the Figure 5. Effects+of distinct salt concentrations and addition of exogenous calcium ions around the contents of Na , K+ , and Ca2+ in G. sinensis seedlings. (A ) Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ content in differcontents of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ in G. sinensis seedlings. (A ) Na+, K+, and Ca2+ content material in distinct ent tissue parts of G. sinensis at distinct salt concentrations and with various concentrations of tissue parts of G. sinensis at different salt concentrations and with distinctive concentrations of calcalcium CK is a G. sinensis plant plant in typical hydroponic culture in Hogland Hogland nutrient cium ions.ions. CK is really a G. sinensisgrown grown in standard hydroponic culture in nutrient solusolution. S1 and G. sinensis plants treated with concentration of 100 of 100 mmol/L NaCl, retion. S1 and S2 areS2 are G. sinensis plants treated with concentrationand 200and 200 mmol/L NaCl, spectively; S1+C1, + C1, S1 + C2, andrepresent represent 100 mmol/L the additionthe 5, ten, and of 5, ten, respectively; S1 S1+C2, and S1+C3 S1 + C3 one hundred mmol/L NaCl with NaCl with of addition 15 mmol/LCaCl2, respectively. The ion content ion content was measured and analyzed by inductively and 15 mmol/LCaCl2 , respectively. The was measured and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry soon after 1 week ofone week of plant treatment. Theaverage the coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry soon after plant remedy. The data would be the data are SD of 3 Namodenoson Formula independent replicates. The mean values represented by the distinctive letters were sigaverage SD of three independent replicates. The imply values represented by the various letters nificantly different in Tukey’s test at p 0.05. were substantially distinct in Tukey’s test at p 0.05.3.10. Effects of of Exogenous Calcium on Plant Phenolic Finafloxacin supplier compounds below Salt Anxiety three.10. Effects Exogenous Calcium on Plant Phenolic Compounds beneath Salt Strain Subsequently, we studied the accumulation of phenolic compounds in in distinctive Subsequently, we studied the accumulation of phenolic compounds different tissues tissues treated with 100 mmol/L NaCl (S1), 100 NaCl + ten mmol/L CaCl (S1 + C2), and treated with one hundred mmol/L NaCl (S1), 100 mmol/L mmol/L NaCl + 10 mmol/L CaClnormal growth state (CK). Visualization of phenolic components was performed by hierarchical cluster analysis (Figure 6). Twenty-three phenolic compounds and L-phenylalanine have been determined by the LC S technique in methanol extracts of roots, stems, and leavesAgriculture 2021, 11,11 ofof G. sinensis, and the sorts of compounds measured for the differently treated samples showed no difference. It may be noticed in the heat map that these compounds have been primarily divided into three groups on the basis of their tissue-specific accumulation patterns and participated in salt stress responses to varying degrees. The C6C3-type compound (p-hydroxycinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid), the C6C3C6-type compound (naringenin, glycyrrhizin, genistein, quercetin), and L-phenylalanine were mainly accumulated within the roots (Figure 7A). There was a slight enhance but not considerable within the case of salt treatment alone, along with a very important boost in case of exogenous calcium addition. The C6C1type compound (two,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) plus the.
