S of the Goralatide supplier valleys of Sebaou River exists, as the looting of sand can be a supply of profit for a large number of households and sand barons, who make the most of the nocturnal circumstances along with the lack of inspection on some places in the valleys to proceed with these illegal mining activities. These activities have succeeded in draining huge amounts of sand, specially in the amount of the Bouqandora Valley, threatening to trigger a significant disaster in agricultural land adjacent to these valleys, also as in eastern regions for instance Ait Issa Maimon and Aknoun, that are nonetheless affected by the emergence crises in shallow drinking waters [83]. The water reserves of this valley, which extend from the municipality of Tadmaet (Tizi Ouzou) and flow into the Mediterranean Sea in the region of Benchod (Boumerdes) for any length of 20 km, are threatened by pollution resulting from their mixing together with the seawater. An uncommon percentage of salinity appeared inside the chemical components in water, which are chlorine, calcium, and bicarbonate. The increase in water salinity is due to the low water level of the valley as well as the theft of sand, in particular through the years of low rainfall, also as the excessive exploitation of wells for agriculture and the construction of dams, which contributed significantly to the aggravation of this difficulty. In accordance with the Alg ie Presse Service [84], there was a 30 lower in agricultural production in the area as a result of contamination of water wells utilized for irrigation by seawater. Substantial violations on the riverbed by some careers and excavators turned up the riverbed and extracted big amounts of sand and rock, in spite of pronouncements by the control authority to stop these crimes to organic resources (Figure 11). As outlined by Akanwa (2021) [85], the sands extracted from the river banks and riverbeds are the most desired sands for construction purposes resulting from their capability to bond to concrete. All over the world, quite a few researchers happen to be devoted and broadly debated the problems of human effects on streamflow and rivers. It was concluded by [86] that sand mining in the Progo River (Indonesia) supplies employment opportunities for the population with the area, which creates a good financial level, however the impact of sand mining around the stability with the riverbed is witnessing a deteriorating trend of -0.43 m/year. Inside the reduced Gangetic Plain in India, the impact of human intervention on downstream channel behavior was evaluated making use of Landsat pictures and GIS, and an intensive field survey was carried out to analyze the river cross-section, indicating a modification within the morphological traits due to human-nature interface, which induced the upliftment of the riverbed by continuous siltation also [87]. Inside the Yellow River basin, it was found that anthropological activitiesWater 2021, 13,17 ofcontributed about 80 to the reduce in runoff, although the other 20 was attributed to rainfall [88]. Within the Yangtze River, substantial alterations have been observed because the 1950s inside the runoff and sediment discharge dynamics, which has attracted excellent social interest. Moreover, it was discovered that the anthropological activity influence on sediment discharge was higher than the runoff from 1953 to 2010 [89]. In southwestern China in the dammed Lancang River, impacts from the climate C6 Ceramide Biological Activity variability and anthropological activities around the flow regime were assessed by Han et al. (2019) [15]. The analysis showed that the 18 of 24 building Water 202.
